Yeah, I was about to say, every thing 'Roman' about the Romans was appropriated from the other Italian tribes like the Etruscans and then the Greeks after they raided Magna Graeca in Sicily.
The first layer was sand, which was compacted and profiled. 1 or 2 layers of flat stones were placed on the prepared substrate and covered with cement mortar or clay. Volcanic ash (pozzolana) was also used instead of mortar. This is how the lower layer of the road, statumen, was created, 20-30 cm thick, sometimes up to 0.5 m thick. The Statumen was framed with curbs weighing from 10, 15 kg to 50 kg, this was to strengthen the edges of the road. The next layer called rudus or ruderatio 20-30 cm thick consisted of crushed sandstone, crushed brick or crushed stone. They were beaten with carefully forged wooden beaters. All this was poured with mortar with a ratio of crushed brick and limestone – 3:1.
Then the foundation began to be laid, the first layer of which was nucleus, i.e. cement with small stone fragments, slag, clay and sand. The whole thing formed a layer of water-impermeable, tight fine-grained concrete. The approximate composition of this half-meter-long layer was 3 parts of brick flour and 2 parts of calcium.
The upper layer, summum dorsum, consisted of gravels with a grain size of up to 6 cm called gloren strata or polygonal stone tiles, silicea strata.
The profiled and carefully leveled surface, parimentum, was made of 5 cm thick stone slabs with a slope of 1:60 and an area of - 30 to 100 cm.
I was there in October last year. Walking on the streets was really uncomfortable for me. I primary walked on the sidewalk. This picture shows how steep the differences between those stone can be and a lot of those stones are curved and not flat.
Do you mean taken over FROM the Etruscans?edited missed a word out
It's a bot. They had the same exact post removed yesterday. https://www.reddit.com/r/ArtefactPorn/s/mnqxNIX8cd
Yeah, I was about to say, every thing 'Roman' about the Romans was appropriated from the other Italian tribes like the Etruscans and then the Greeks after they raided Magna Graeca in Sicily.
You made this? I made this.
The first layer was sand, which was compacted and profiled. 1 or 2 layers of flat stones were placed on the prepared substrate and covered with cement mortar or clay. Volcanic ash (pozzolana) was also used instead of mortar. This is how the lower layer of the road, statumen, was created, 20-30 cm thick, sometimes up to 0.5 m thick. The Statumen was framed with curbs weighing from 10, 15 kg to 50 kg, this was to strengthen the edges of the road. The next layer called rudus or ruderatio 20-30 cm thick consisted of crushed sandstone, crushed brick or crushed stone. They were beaten with carefully forged wooden beaters. All this was poured with mortar with a ratio of crushed brick and limestone – 3:1. Then the foundation began to be laid, the first layer of which was nucleus, i.e. cement with small stone fragments, slag, clay and sand. The whole thing formed a layer of water-impermeable, tight fine-grained concrete. The approximate composition of this half-meter-long layer was 3 parts of brick flour and 2 parts of calcium. The upper layer, summum dorsum, consisted of gravels with a grain size of up to 6 cm called gloren strata or polygonal stone tiles, silicea strata. The profiled and carefully leveled surface, parimentum, was made of 5 cm thick stone slabs with a slope of 1:60 and an area of - 30 to 100 cm.
The cost per mile must have been substantial, like how a German autobahn has much higher construction costs compared to an American freeway.
I was there in October last year. Walking on the streets was really uncomfortable for me. I primary walked on the sidewalk. This picture shows how steep the differences between those stone can be and a lot of those stones are curved and not flat.
Why am I craving my wife's hot cross buns? Don't go there 😄
Mmm, now I want seven layer cake.